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Specialist Focus · Apraxia / Verbal Dyspraxia

Childhood Apraxia of Speech Support

Helping children turn their thoughts into words.

Does your child seem to know exactly what they want to say but struggles to get the words out? Are they difficult to understand, becoming frustrated, or saying a word one day and not the next?

Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS), sometimes called Verbal Dyspraxia, is a motor speech disorder that affects a child’s ability to plan and coordinate the movements needed for speech. We provide evidence-based support for children with CAS across the Central Coast.

Leana using a PROMPT touch cue on a child’s face during speech therapy
About

What is Childhood Apraxia of Speech?

CAS is not caused by weakness of the speech muscles. Instead, it affects the brain’s ability to plan and coordinate the precise movements needed for speech. Children with CAS often know what they want to say, but their brain has difficulty sending consistent messages to the lips, tongue, jaw and voice box.

This can make speech sounds or words inconsistent, difficult to understand, effortful and frustrating — they may come and go and sound different on different days. CAS is different from a typical speech delay and often requires specialised assessment and therapy.

When to seek support

Signs Your Child May Have CAS

Every child is different, but some common signs include:

Early signs (babies & toddlers)

Limited babbling as a baby
Delayed first words
Fewer speech sounds than expected
Difficulty combining sounds and words
Quiet baby with limited vocal play

Speech characteristics

Difficult for others to understand
Same word said differently each time
Missing sounds in words
Speech appears effortful or “hard work”
Longer words harder than shorter words
Inconsistent errors; words come and go
Visible groping or searching with the lips and tongue when trying to say a word
Very slow to learn new sounds or words
Speech can sound monotone
Finds it hard to sing songs

Communication

Understands more than they can say
Knows what they want to say but can’t get it out clearly
Becomes frustrated when communicating
Uses gestures instead of speech
Avoids talking in some situations

If these signs sound familiar, a comprehensive speech assessment can help determine whether CAS may be contributing to your child’s difficulties.

Our approach

Our Approach to CAS Therapy

We use evidence-based approaches designed specifically for children with motor speech difficulties.

Child-led and engaging
Family-centred
Neuroaffirming
Individualised
Goal-focused
Evidence-informed

We help children develop the motor planning skills needed for speech while building confidence and reducing frustration.

What to expect

Assessment & Therapy

1

Comprehensive Assessment

A CAS assessment involves much more than listening to your child talk. We assess:

Speech sound development and oral motor skills
Communication and language development
Consistency of speech errors
Motor planning and coordination
Feeding history where relevant
Response to visual, auditory and tactile cues
2

Targeted Therapy

Children with CAS benefit from regular, targeted practice. Therapy may focus on:

Building speech sound accuracy
Motor planning for speech movements
Sequencing sounds and syllables
Improving speech clarity and confidence
Identifying the cues your child responds to best
Carrying communication across environments
Methods

Therapy Approaches We May Use

PROMPT & DTTC

Specialised tactile-cue and motor-learning approaches for clear, consistent speech.

Speech & Language Therapy

Support for language, vocabulary and communication alongside speech.

Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy

Oral muscle coordination, tongue function, breathing and jaw control.

NDT Principles

Where posture, tone or motor control impact communication.

Beyond speech

Supporting Communication Beyond Speech

For some children, speech develops slowly. While we work on building speech skills, we also support communication using gestures and visual supports where appropriate.

Supporting communication now does not stop speech development. In many cases it reduces frustration, supports language development and gives children a way to communicate successfully while speech skills continue to develop.

Related support

Supporting the Whole Child

Many children with CAS benefit from a combination of services:

Early Intervention Speech Therapy

Supporting babies, toddlers and preschool children during the most important years of development.

Speech & Language Therapy

Helping children understand language, use words, combine sentences and communicate more confidently.

Parent Training & Education

Practical coaching to help parents support communication, feeding, emotional regulation and development at home.

Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy

Helping children who present with mouth breathing, tongue and lip ties, drooling, tongue thrust, lisps and oral muscle weakness.

Global Developmental Delay Support

Supporting children with delays across multiple areas — communication, play, feeding, social interaction and early learning.

Why early support

Why Early Support Matters

Children with CAS often benefit from early identification and intervention, which can help:

Improve speech clarity
Reduce frustration
Build confidence
Strengthen communication skills
Support school readiness
Improve participation in everyday life
Why RTC

Why Families Choose RTC Speech Pathology

Individualised therapy plans
Experience supporting children with motor speech difficulties
Family-centred care
Play-based sessions
Evidence-informed therapy approaches
Practical home strategies and collaborative support
Where we work

Areas We Support Across the Central Coast

Tumbi Umbi · Erina · Gosford · Terrigal · Tuggerah
Woy Woy · Wyong · Berkeley Vale · Killarney Vale · and surrounding communities

Telehealth appointments may also be available for families across NSW where appropriate.

Common questions

Frequently Asked Questions

A speech delay typically follows the normal pattern of speech development, just more slowly. CAS affects the brain’s ability to plan and coordinate speech movements, resulting in inconsistent and often more complex speech difficulties.

Yes. With appropriate therapy and practice, many children make significant progress in their speech clarity and communication skills.

Yes. Childhood Apraxia of Speech and Verbal Dyspraxia are often used to describe the same condition.

Inconsistent production of words and sounds is one of the common characteristics of CAS, because the brain has difficulty consistently planning speech movements.

Children with CAS often benefit from regular therapy and consistent practice at home. Recommendations are tailored to each child’s needs.

Absolutely. We support all forms of communication while speech skills are developing.

Get started

Concerned About Your Child’s Speech Development?

If your child understands what is being said but struggles to express themselves clearly, an assessment can help identify what’s happening and provide a pathway forward.